package HTML::FormHandler::Field::Select;
# ABSTRACT: select fields
$HTML::FormHandler::Field::Select::VERSION = '0.40068';
use Moose;
extends 'HTML::FormHandler::Field';
use Carp;

use HTML::Entities;


has 'options' => (
    isa       => 'HFH::SelectOptions',
    is        => 'rw',
    coerce    => 1,
    traits    => ['Array'],
    auto_deref => 1,
    handles  => {
        all_options => 'elements',
        reset_options => 'clear',
        clear_options => 'clear',
        has_options => 'count',
        num_options => 'count',
    },
    lazy    => 1,
    builder => 'build_options'
);
sub options_ref { [shift->options] }
# this is used for rendering
has 'options_index' => ( traits => ['Counter'], isa => 'Num',
    is => 'rw', default => 0,
    handles => { inc_options_index => 'inc', dec_options_index => 'dec',
        reset_options_index => 'reset' },
);
sub clear_data {
    my $self = shift;
    $self->next::method();
    $self->reset_options_index;
}

sub build_options { [] }
has 'options_from' => ( isa => 'Str', is => 'rw', default => 'none' );
has 'do_not_reload' => ( isa => 'Bool', is => 'ro' );
has 'no_option_validation' => ( isa => 'Bool', is => 'rw' );
has 'option_wrapper' => ( is => 'rw' );

sub BUILD {
    my $self = shift;

    $self->build_options_method;
    if( $self->options && $self->has_options ) {
        $self->options_from('build');
        $self->default_from_options([$self->options]);
    }
    $self->input_without_param; # vivify
}

has 'options_method' => (
    traits => ['Code'],
    is     => 'ro',
    isa    => 'CodeRef',
    writer => '_set_options_method',
    predicate => 'has_options_method',
    handles => { 'get_options' => 'execute_method' },
);

sub build_options_method {
    my $self = shift;

    my $set_options = $self->set_options;
    $set_options ||= "options_" . HTML::FormHandler::Field::convert_full_name($self->full_name);
    if ( $self->form && $self->form->can($set_options) ) {
        my $attr = $self->form->meta->find_method_by_name( $set_options );
        if ( $attr and $attr->isa('Moose::Meta::Method::Accessor') ) {
            $self->_set_options_method( sub { my $self = shift; $self->form->$set_options; } );
        }
        else {
            $self->_set_options_method( sub { my $self = shift; $self->form->$set_options($self); } );
        }
    }
}

has 'sort_options_method' => (
    traits  => ['Code'],
    is      => 'rw',
    isa     => 'CodeRef',
    predicate => 'has_sort_options_method',
    handles => {
        sort_options => 'execute_method',
    },
);

has 'set_options' => ( isa => 'Str', is => 'ro');

has 'multiple'         => ( isa => 'Bool', is => 'rw', default => '0' );
# following is for unusual case where a multiple select is a has_many type relation
has 'has_many'         => ( isa => 'Str', is => 'rw' );
has 'size'             => ( isa => 'Int|Undef', is => 'rw' );
has 'label_column'     => ( isa => 'Str',       is => 'rw', default => 'name' );
has 'localize_labels'  => ( isa => 'Bool', is => 'rw' );
has 'active_column'    => ( isa => 'Str',       is => 'rw', default => 'active' );
has 'auto_widget_size' => ( isa => 'Int',       is => 'rw', default => '0' );
has 'sort_column'      => ( isa => 'Str|ArrayRef[Str]',       is => 'rw' );
has '+widget'          => ( default => 'Select' );
sub html_element { 'select' }
has '+type_attr'       => ( default => 'select' );
has 'empty_select'     => ( isa => 'Str',       is => 'rw' );
has '+deflate_method'  => ( default => sub { \&select_deflate } );
has '+input_without_param' => ( lazy => 1, builder => 'build_input_without_param' );
sub build_input_without_param {
    my $self = shift;
    if( $self->multiple ) {
        $self->not_nullable(1);
        return [];
    }
    else {
        return '';
    }
}
has 'value_when_empty' => ( is => 'ro', lazy => 1, builder => 'build_value_when_empty' );
sub build_value_when_empty {
    my $self = shift;
    return [] if $self->multiple;
    return undef;
}

our $class_messages = {
    'select_not_multiple' => 'This field does not take multiple values',
    'select_invalid_value' => '\'[_1]\' is not a valid value',
};

sub get_class_messages  {
    my $self = shift;
    return {
        %{ $self->next::method },
        %$class_messages,
    }
}

sub select_widget {
    my $field = shift;

    my $size = $field->auto_widget_size;
    return $field->widget unless $field->widget eq 'Select' && $size;
    my $options = $field->options || [];
    return 'Select' if @$options > $size;
    return $field->multiple ? 'checkbox_group' : 'radio_group';
}

sub as_label {
    my ( $self, $value ) = @_;

    $value = $self->value unless defined $value;
    return unless defined $value;
    if ( $self->multiple ) {
        unless ( ref($value) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
            if( $self->has_inflate_default_method ) {
                my @values = $self->inflate_default($value);
                $value = \@values;
            }
            else {
                # not sure under what circumstances this would happen, but
                # just in case
                return $value;
            }
        }
        my @labels;
        my %value_hash;
        @value_hash{@$value} = ();
        for ( $self->options ) {
            if ( exists $value_hash{$_->{value}} ) {
                push @labels, $_->{label};
                delete $value_hash{$_->{value}};
                last unless keys %value_hash;
            }
        }
        my $str = join(', ', @labels);
        return $str;
    }
    else {
        for ( $self->options ) {
            return $_->{label} if $_->{value} eq $value;
        }
    }
    return;
}

sub _inner_validate_field {
    my ($self) = @_;

    my $value = $self->value;
    return unless defined $value;    # nothing to check

    if ( ref $value eq 'ARRAY' &&
        !( $self->can('multiple') && $self->multiple ) )
    {
        $self->add_error( $self->get_message('select_not_multiple') );
        return;
    }
    elsif ( ref $value ne 'ARRAY' && $self->multiple ) {
        $value = [$value];
        $self->_set_value($value);
    }

    return if $self->no_option_validation;

    # create a lookup hash
    my %options;
    foreach my $opt ( @{ $self->options } ) {
        if ( exists $opt->{group} ) {
            foreach my $group_opt ( @{ $opt->{options} } ) {
                $options{$group_opt->{value}} = 1;
            }
        }
        else {
            $options{$opt->{value}} = 1;
        }
    }
    if( $self->has_many ) {
        $value = [map { $_->{$self->has_many} } @$value];
    }
    for my $value ( ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? @$value : ($value) ) {
        unless ( $options{$value} ) {
            my $opt_value = encode_entities($value);
            $self->add_error($self->get_message('select_invalid_value'), $opt_value);
            return;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

sub _result_from_object {
    my ( $self, $result, $item ) = @_;

    $result = $self->next::method( $result, $item );
    $self->_load_options;
    $result->_set_value($self->default)
        if( defined $self->default && not $result->has_value );
    return $result;
}

sub _result_from_fields {
    my ( $self, $result ) = @_;

    $result = $self->next::method($result);
    $self->_load_options;
    $result->_set_value($self->default)
        if( defined $self->default && not $result->has_value );
    return $result;
}

sub _result_from_input {
    my ( $self, $result, $input, $exists ) = @_;

    $input = ref $input eq 'ARRAY' ? $input : [$input]
        if $self->multiple;
    $result = $self->next::method( $result, $input, $exists );
    $self->_load_options;
    $result->_set_value($self->default)
        if( defined $self->default && not $result->has_value );
    return $result;
}

sub _load_options {
    my $self = shift;

    return
        if ( $self->options_from eq 'build' ||
        ( $self->has_options && $self->do_not_reload ) );
    my @options;
    if( $self->has_options_method ) {
        @options = $self->get_options;
        $self->options_from('method');
    }
    elsif ( $self->form ) {
        my $full_accessor;
        $full_accessor = $self->parent->full_accessor if $self->parent;
        @options = $self->form->lookup_options( $self, $full_accessor );
        $self->options_from('model') if scalar @options;
    }
    return unless @options;    # so if there isn't an options method and no options
                               # from a table, already set options attributes stays put

    # possibilities:
    #  @options = ( 1 => 'one', 2 => 'two' );
    #  @options = ([ 1 => 'one', 2 => 'tw' ]);
    #  @options = ([ { value => 1, label => 'one'}, { value => 2, label => 'two'}]);
    #  @options = ([[ 'one', 'two' ]]);
    my $opts = ref $options[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $options[0] : \@options;
    if ( ref $opts->[0] eq 'HASH' ) {
        # do the array of hashrefs separately so we can get the defaults
        $self->default_from_options($opts);
    }
    $opts = $self->options($opts); # coerce will reformat
    if ($opts) {
        # sort options if sort method exists
        $opts = $self->sort_options($opts) if $self->has_sort_options_method;
        $self->options($opts);
    }
}

# This is because setting 'checked => 1' or 'selected => 1' in an options
# hashref is the equivalent of setting a default on the field. Originally
# that was handled only in rendering, but it moved knowledge about where
# the 'fif' value came from into the renderer, which was bad. So instead
# we're setting the defaults from the options.
# It's probably better to use 'defaults' to start with, but since there are
# people using this method, this at least normalizes it.
sub default_from_options {
    my ( $self, $options ) = @_;

    my @defaults = map { $_->{value} } grep { $_->{checked} || $_->{selected} } @$options;
    if( scalar @defaults ) {
        if( $self->multiple ) {
            $self->default(\@defaults);
        }
        else {
            $self->default($defaults[0]);
        }
    }
}

before 'value' => sub {
    my $self  = shift;

    return undef unless $self->has_result;
    my $value = $self->result->value;
    if( $self->multiple ) {
        if ( !defined $value || $value eq '' || ( ref $value eq 'ARRAY' && scalar @$value == 0 ) ) {
            $self->_set_value( $self->value_when_empty );
        }
        elsif ( $self->has_many && scalar @$value && ref($value->[0]) ne 'HASH' ) {
            my @new_values;
            foreach my $ele (@$value) {
                push @new_values, { $self->has_many => $ele };
            }
            $self->_set_value( \@new_values );
        }
    }
};

sub select_deflate {
    my ( $self, $value ) = @_;

    return $value unless ( $self->has_many && $self->multiple );

    # the following is for the edge case of a has_many select
    return $value unless ref($value) eq 'ARRAY' && scalar @$value && ref($value->[0]) eq 'HASH';
    return [map { $_->{$self->has_many} } @$value];
}

__PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;
use namespace::autoclean;
1;

__END__

=pod

=encoding UTF-8

=head1 NAME

HTML::FormHandler::Field::Select - select fields

=head1 VERSION

version 0.40068

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This is a field that includes a list of possible valid options.
This can be used for select and multiple-select fields.
Widget type is 'select'.

Because select lists and checkbox_groups do not return an HTTP
parameter when the entire list is unselected, the Select field
must assume that the lack of a param means unselection. So to
avoid setting a Select field, it must be set to inactive, not
merely not included in the HTML for a form.

This field type can also be used for fields that use the
'radio_group' widget, and the 'checkbox_group' widget (for
selects with multiple flag turned on, or that use the Multiple
field).

=head2 options

The 'options' array can come from a number of different places:

=over 4

=item From a field declaration

In a field declaration:

   has_field 'opt_in' => ( type => 'Select', widget => 'RadioGroup',
      options => [{ value => 0, label => 'No'}, { value => 1, label => 'Yes'} ] );

=item From a field class 'build_options' method

In a custom field class:

   package MyApp::Field::WeekDay;
   use Moose;
   extends 'HTML::FormHandler::Field::Select';
   ....
   sub build_options {
       my $i = 0;
       my @days = ('Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday',
           'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday' );
       return [
           map {
               {   value => $i++, label => $_ }
           } @days
       ];
   }

=item From a coderef supplied to the field definition

   has_field 'flim' => ( type => 'Select', options_method => \&flim_options );
   sub flim_options {  <return options array> }

=item From a form 'options_<field_name>' method or attribute

   has_field 'fruit' => ( type => 'Select' );
   sub options_fruit {
       return (
           1   => 'apples',
           2   => 'oranges',
           3   => 'kiwi',
       );
   }
   -- or --
   has 'options_fruit' => ( is => 'rw', traits => ['Array'],
       default => sub { [1 => 'apples', 2 => 'oranges',
           3 => 'kiwi'] } );

Notice that, as a convenience, you can return a simple array (or arrayref)
for the options array in the 'options_field_name' method. The hashrefs with
'value' and 'label' keys will be constructed for you by FormHandler.

=item From the database

The final source of the options array is a database when the name of the
accessor is a relation to the table holding the information used to construct
the select list.  The primary key is used as the value. The other columns used are:

    label_column  --  Used for the labels in the options (default 'name')
    active_column --  The name of the column to be used in the query (default 'active')
                      that allows the rows retrieved to be restricted
    sort_column   --  The name or arrayref of names of the column(s) used to sort the options

See also L<HTML::FormHandler::Model::DBIC>, the 'lookup_options' method.

=back

The options field should contain one of the following data structures:

=over

=item ArrayRef of HashRefs

Each hash reference defines an option, with the label and value
attributes corresponding to those of the HTML field.

=item ArrayRef

A list of key/value pairs corresponding to HTML field values and labels.

=item ArrayRef containing one ArrayRef

Each item inside the inner ArrayRef defines both the label and value of
an option.

=back

=head2 Customizing options

Additional attributes can be added in the options array hashref, by using
the 'attributes' key. If you have custom rendering code, you can add any
additional key that you want, of course.

Note that you should *not* set 'checked' or 'selected' attributes in options.
That is handled by setting a field default.

An options array with an extra 'note' key:

   sub options_license
   {
      my $self = shift;
      return unless $self->schema;
      my $licenses = $self->schema->resultset('License')->search({active => 1},
           {order_by => 'sequence'});
      my @selections;
      while ( my $license = $licenses->next ) {
         push @selections, { value => $license->id, label => $license->label,
              note => $license->note };
      }
      return @selections;
   }

Setting the select element to disabled:

   sub options_license
   {
      my $self = shift;
      return unless $self->schema;
      my $licenses = $self->schema->resultset('License')->search(undef,
           {order_by => 'sequence'});
      my @selections;
      while ( my $license = $licenses->next ) {
         push @selections, { value => $license->id, label => $license->label,
              attributes => { disabled => ($license->active == 0) ? 1 : 0 } };
      }
      return @selections;
   }

You can also divide the options up into option groups. See the section on
rendering.

=head2 Reloading options

If the options come from the options_<fieldname> method or the database, they
will be reloaded every time the form is reloaded because the available options
may have changed. To prevent this from happening when the available options are
known to be static, set the 'do_not_reload' flag, and the options will not be
reloaded after the first time

=head2 Sorting options

The sorting of the options may be changed using a 'sort_options' method in a
custom field class. The 'Multiple' field uses this method to put the already
selected options at the top of the list. Note that this won't work with
option groups.

=head1 Attributes and Methods

=head2 options

The options available for this field as defined in the L<< /DESCRIPTION
>> above.

=head2 options_method

Coderef of method to return options

=head2 multiple

If true allows multiple input values

=head2 size

This can be used to store how many items should be offered in the UI
at a given time.  Defaults to 0.

=head2 empty_select

Set to the string value of the select label if you want the renderer
to create an empty select value. This only affects rendering - it does
not add an entry to the list of options.

   has_field 'fruit' => ( type => 'Select',
        empty_select => '---Choose a Fruit---' );

=head2 value_when_empty

Usually the empty value is an empty arrayref. This attribute allows
changing that. Used by SelectCSV field.

=head2 label_column

Sets or returns the name of the method to call on the foreign class
to fetch the text to use for the select list.

Refers to the method (or column) name to use in a related
object class for the label for select lists.

Defaults to "name".

=head2 localize_labels

For the renderers: whether or not to call the localize method on the select
labels. Default is off.

=head2 active_column

Sets or returns the name of a boolean column that is used as a flag to indicate that
a row is active or not.  Rows that are not active are ignored.

The default is "active".

If this column exists on the class then the list of options will included only
rows that are marked "active".

The exception is any columns that are marked inactive, but are also part of the
input data will be included with brackets around the label.  This allows
updating records that might have data that is now considered inactive.

=head2 auto_widget_size

This is a way to provide a hint as to when to automatically
select the widget to display for fields with a small number of options.
For example, this can be used to decided to display a radio select for
select lists smaller than the size specified.

See L<select_widget> below.

=head2 sort_column

Sets or returns the column or arrayref of columns used in the foreign class
for sorting the options labels.  Default is undefined.

If not defined the label_column is used as the sort condition.

=head2 select_widget

If the widget is 'select' for the field then will look if the field
also has a L<auto_widget_size>.  If the options list is less than or equal
to the L<auto_widget_size> then will return C<radio_group> if L<multiple> is false,
otherwise will return C<checkbox_group>.

=head2 as_label

Returns the option label for the option value that matches the field's current value.
Can be helpful for displaying information about the field in a more friendly format.

=head2 no_option_validation

Set this flag to true if you don't want to validate the options that are submitted.
This would generally only happen if the options are generated via javascript.

=head2 error messages

Customize 'select_invalid_value' and 'select_not_multiple'. Though neither of these
messages should really be seen by users in a properly constructed select.

=head1 Rendering

The 'select' field can be rendered by the 'Select', 'RadioGroup', and 'CheckboxGroup'
widgets. 'RadioGroup' is for a single select, and 'CheckboxGroup' is for a multiple
select.

Option groups can be rendered by providing an options arrays with 'group' elements
containing options:

    sub options_testop { (
        {
            group => 'First Group',
            options => [
                { value => 1, label => 'One' },
                { value => 2, label => 'Two' },
                { value => 3, label => 'Three' },
            ],
        },
        {
            group => 'Second Group',
            options => [
                { value => 4, label => 'Four' },
                { value => 5, label => 'Five' },
                { value => 6, label => 'Six' },
            ],
        },
    ) }

The select rendering widgets all have a 'render_option' method, which may be useful
for situations when you want to split up the rendering of a radio group or checkbox group.

=head2 Rendering with Template Toolkit

Calling 'options' from Template Toolkit can causes issues with wantarray when there
is only a single option. As a solution you should use 'options_ref'.

=head1 Database relations

Also see L<HTML::FormHandler::TraitFor::Model::DBIC>.

The single select is for a DBIC 'belongs_to' relation. The multiple select is for
a 'many_to_many' relation.

There is very limited ability to do multiple select with 'has_many' relations.
It will only work in very specific circumstances, and requires setting
the 'has_many' attribute to the name of the primary key of the related table.
This is a somewhat peculiar data structure for a relational database, and may
not be what you really want. A 'has_many' is usually represented with a Repeatable
field, and may require custom code if the form structure doesn't match the database
structure. See L<HTML::FormHandler::Manual::Cookbook>.

=head1 AUTHOR

FormHandler Contributors - see HTML::FormHandler

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This software is copyright (c) 2017 by Gerda Shank.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.

=cut
